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4 M's- Madison/Monroe/Missouri/Manifest

Added Oct 13, 2012 •

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aftermath of the War of 1812 a sense of Pride and seems to Dominic at least in such peril and this new generation of national Republicans named never again they're the ones that would bring back the National Bank that is Republicans who are reestablishing a hamiltonian institution because they see that the survival of Jefferson's Union a union of free what state is impossible in a dangerous world without some institutions of federal Authority that can effectively manage the war effort so they were in favor of internal improvements canals and turnpikes and in effect something like the interstate highway system infrastructure for National mobilization in defense coincidentally for a strong manufacturing sector and therefore a high protective tariffs that when they belong industry produced War material in to be really economically independent for the first time in American history this is all the program that came out of the the War of 1812 these issues and protection from Kara for critical mean if it's hard to think that the Tariff is so important today but it was in the 19th century so I'd say that you take a 50-year. It's trying to protect the United States as security fairly secure after the war of 1812 we know unlike outside of the country but if he conomic instability in Wheaton that is most bothersome to liters fear of economic instability is also the region Congress establishes the National Bank England and would exercise some control over the national currency and would discipline some of the Lower State Banks that were sometimes inclined to act irresponsibly and could serve the national government policy battling the government money whenever it need how will the government money while I wasn't being spent transferring government money from point A to point B when you collected at a port in work on as a tariff and then you have to send it to pay soldiers to fight the Indians over here or something of that nature  the nation's most pressing economic in the aftermath of the war however he's for improvements in its transportation system the expansion of commercial opportunity what's the deal with the demand for farm products in the towns and cities of the east coast and the towns and cities across the Atlantic meant that they were Merchants who were desperate to buy heavy bulky prove that you could produce on the frontier weather with flower or Lumber or cotton or weed or whatever and get them to Market study was desperate to find way to tap the rural Hinterland  John C Calhoun and other Congressional leaders Apple Federal support of road construction and think they have medicines back in Madison was deeply conflicted about the national Republican ever Monahan you seem to encourage it but then in one of the more faithful moments of his dying Administration he vetoed the bonus bill the bonus bill would have used the bonus from the bank of the United States in order to support a national program of internal improvements and as well shot that man against his own progeny but to give Madison his do he was caught on the horns of a dilemma and that is how can you maintain Fidelity to the Constitution and at the same time establish a robust government that would be capable of me next challenge both Jefferson font on question of internal improvements is that the states would recognize the necessity to amend the Constitution in a way that would give a national government these Powers but of course that never happened and it couldn't have happened but that was their delusion that was their idea yes we need to do this but we can only do it with proper constitutional Authority  one reason for the growing interest in internal improvements he's the sturgeon population west of the Appalachian once the War of 1812 diminishes the sweater Indian uprisings settlers from all parts of the East migrate to what is called the old Northwest  what we really sing in the early 19th century is a culation that has an affected pent-up east of the Appalachian Mountains for most of the century and then after the American Revolution and the defeat of the British and the Indians the creation of a national government that try to impose order and make a systematic distribution of Land Titles over on the other side of the mountain there's this expansion Westward an enormous pressure to displace the Indians even further and set up on farms and community and someone in the Ohio Valley and the Tennessee Valley and in Alabama and Georgia Mississippi land record for smaller and smaller one more subdivided and play his lightning England and no place to grow inside the van to keep getting smaller and smaller with each generation and then all of the sudden Western New York and now in Indiana up open up a rush to get out there as he finds a tiny little Barnes and Northeast are just not enough to guarantee him the Independence that they demand The Promise Land metaphor appears again and again and again Santa's milk and honey lands of crop yields are incredible game is incredibly abundant where livestock flourishes without being cared for where are the spontaneous production does Nature's provide for a family one at almost no labor requirement in the expectations of Pioneers were set by the kind of propaganda and no land would equal it on the other hand it was a land of considerable Bounty if they could get it if they could acquire title to it romance to the west or we tend to lose track of if you count where people go in the 19th century United States this is a country where people move but they're moving by large to the city even when they're not moving to the cities in the mood Integra cultural areas sax more people are going to Wisconsin Minnesota and Michigan  the old Northwest nothing over here experiencing population growth over planting and erosion Farmers to search for more productive land give me some Whitney does is to make of the plantation system feasible that would grow needed a very simple kind of jam to squeeze the seeds out tell me grow on the coast of South Carolina and Georgia special pattern that machine with fiber in and not just any subtropical areas on the hood well that meant that you could expand the slave plantation system into area rated never gone before cotton fairly large plantations and so the work forces grow and the size of black Unity super on individual plantations become fairly large prior to the emergence of cotton king that's the freight the large Plantation in Nexus theme song often people economic survival is riding on the ability to use these Workforce in these lands to your cross if it works can you bet the wrong way in the price goes down you can also lose your shirt so that Americans go west to find Liberty for themselves but they fine turn self in a much more unpredictable situation than they originally thought they find themselves sometimes at least the prisoner of National markets rather than the beneficiary of them to call that moment the market Revolution not because nobody ever marketing before large numbers of Americans who thought they were insulated from what international trade which time late are much more hooked into it and it had been before this offers tremendous opportunity for some people and tremendous risks as well so we could just liminal kind of a scary moment where I think should go either way in and you just don't know what my habit in the territories that have been lowered by Lewis and Clark the draw is not agriculture but fur trading and it was a great deal of money to be made in the fur trade first American Jacob Astor made his fortune off the fur trade and sell this ignited great interest on the part of Americans to get to the Westin to begin trap animals with the fur trade with animals the weather system to be slaughtering animals in such large numbers that change the balance of of with the coming of the fur trade their becomes increasing pressure on various species especially the most valuable species which do then get over hunted and do and to get depleted and number with the coming of euro-american hunters off and who men who respect almost no limit on the on the number of animals with the taken to waste considerable amount the fur Traders also established the first factories became Trading Post and Indians dependent on trade items in with the new people and because of that relationship there was a decline knowledge about how to do things as you had done them before  as the election of 1816 many people in the north are impatient with the ongoing possession of Virginia president but the Republicans have no trouble electing the other mother Virginia Min 18 you didn't even much of a contest James Monroe former Secretary of State and Revolutionary War veteran is 61 years old after the Madison's left just having started to build a rudimentary structure Congress and the federal government at entrance into what I call it adolescence I like all adolescents for the gangly and uncontrolled and rebellious and there was this soda Powerpuff there was this need for power but no structure to contain it so people are scrambling men and women of political families are scrambling trying create power structures in coalitions and executive committee  Monroe's cabinet includes both Federalists and Republicans from North and South he was a character in the Era of Good Feelings there is little political opposition at least on the server even in this early. In the United States it's become clear that the office of Secretary of State help a chance in Seattle set down to the presidency and they also see themselves as **** the president would have the ability to elevate someone from Congress to the cabinet where they could have a shot at being a president so the big story for the Monroe Administration too far as I'm concerned relationship between the cabinet and the Congress open plate man but horse the last of the great Virginia dynasty in the emerging old Republican tradition of a strict constructionist very committed to retaining the Republican vision of the presidency as a powerless office inside one of the things about James Monroe he was the last president to wear the old fashion clothes in the revolution to breeches and stocking would even in his consider some of the 19 centuries more prominent Vision that although not entirely realize during his lifetime is important setting the terms that which the national debate over political economy will take place in division that expresses internal improvements in order to create a atom Market that would link West and East firmly together that would keep the union together I would create high enough to protect domestic Industries in order to the development of domestic industry that has a vision that in some senses is division that ultimately Triumph that the United States backed developing industrial paid  after a brief but successful war against the Seminoles in Florida secretary Adams negotiate surrenders all of Florida plus territory in the Pacific Northwest to the United States in return for the countries abandoning its claim to Texas this is a major diplomatic stock market crash depression and people lost their farms and there was movement back from the frontier and businesses went bankrupt in the city there is considerable and speculation that has been slated the value of land to unprecedented Heights and it collapses and they're all will be banks that operate with very little of the kind of Securities or checks and balances that we like to think our financial system no gold or silver Reserve backing any of the notes that they are sending out and so when things begin to collapse and One Bank calls in it snow then another bank tried calling it's not everyone calling in their loans and at some point you realize that all this paper money that have been circulating I have no are you behind it and the economy collapses in it sets off a tremendous Panic throughout the Ohio Valley Mississippi Valley East Coast towns and farms and cities and 12 and at least two amended political uproar people demanding that they be protected from economic downturn I think part of that many but you know that they were no car to the speculative economy in 1819 and in the early 1820s I think people come to realize that a larger regulated market economy does not always ride that it can also pull app  for a brief for alarming moment in 1899 20 the sectional differences between the North and the South threatened the unity of the United States early Decades of the Republic politicians at the national level anyway pretty good about keeping slavery out of channel the date the pretty good about finding ways to one compromise or another that allows them to put the slavery question off the table Missouri become the state that escape is appears and suddenly The Divide between North and South becomes more pressing one of these fathers was that if slavery was able to stay in itself that those parts and say that at hoarding situation always be protected from Domination by the slave state the Assumption with the slave states would grow slowly because it anyway their use of slavery and investment Act retarded the Northern State it would be more populous and that proved to be true and they would dominate the human in the lead it more deeply into the Vine Liberty freedom and equality but others were too and they will begin early that they're always been equal number free and slave states in the union to protect their ability to be a major for Indian and to block any move against their particular social order including its labor system play the course of the late eighteenth and nineteenth century and they really didn't conflict until when until you had the question of what what the national territory and you fine and every occasion when that became an issue then suddenly slavery weird ugly head and the first major time that happened with over the admission of Maine in and Missouri in 1819 and 18 Missouri Compromise that it's called and so you had a debate a free state was going to be admitted main requirements it was going can be admitted to the United States of America for the first time this would upset the balance between free states and slave states they would be more free than slaves and so this engendered a great debate and controversy Missouri was ready to come in as a slave state and in what's 19 + 18 20 it was a Thomas Jefferson third like a fire Bell in the night when the explosion in Cong in the Press between northern and southern people with great debate what kind of country are we going to have the north and south or set that the radar future  ultimately the Senate agrees to combine the main and Missouri proposals into a single bill but before it can come to a vote Senator Thomas of Illinois proposes an amendment prohibiting slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase territory north of Missouri's southern boundary is amendment turn it off in the middle of the Missouri Compromise play Jeffree Star Mechanical question rather than an ideological one the Deep ideological crisis of play redevelop more slowly over time that is they have to do with the way you see people and the way you treat people slowly and it was not something that this generation could solve and much as people like Henry Clay craft skillful compromise and yet again I try to keep it off the table to try to find ways that the issue won't become the Battle Cry of national politics it comes again and again and again  the pervasive nationalism that characterized as the Era of Good Feeling often disguises the Deep sectional differences that exist Within country battles continue between those who favored a strong federal government and those who are suspicious of centralized control in almost every inch the decisions of the Supreme Court now in its second decade under the leadership of John Marshall kill the scale for nationalism they are very fearful more democratic minded people of the power that course holes precisive judges off in their appointments off of for life they're also moving to the decades to force a lawyer's to me can come in plain language that it's often assumed that lawyer Deaconess gibberish Ordinary People and so there are various kind of pushes to democratize the law to do type of courses to make judges subject to election and to recall to make the lawnmower understandable and this is say one of the greats tangles in the early 19th century it's one of the places I think we're the contest over how Democratic the United would be gets played out just as the Supreme Court is emphasizing nationalism in relation to the country's economic life the Monroe Administration visiting nationalism in foreign policy in response to the revolution in Latin America netpark to extend assistance to any portion of the tenant here at dangerous to our peace and safety with the existing European power we have not been shell mode but with the government to declare their independence and maintain it and who Independence we have on Grace adoration and on Jeff principle acknowledge any into position for the purpose of by any European power in any other light than as the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition for the United States  Crystal who is one country the United States that can go out and make its claim that this is our hemisphere in the United States Hemisphere and they've sort of alligator on themselves right to tell to tell others that we are the Protectors of the Western Hemisphere on the other hand to the degree that the Monroe Doctrine provided least for those involved in the independence movements in the Spanish America boating Latin American singer hot we support the lawn with doctor and that's a legitimate document that the Treatise that you can depend on Administration draws to a close to ignore National is a war one region one group from another but the path of Economic and territorial expansion on which countries involved swivel How deep the ribbon is The Unfinished Nation 52 part American history series for more information about this program in a company materials call +1-800-576-2988 or visit us online at will you www.org

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4 M's- Madison/Monroe/Missouri/Manifest

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