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1950's-Origins of Civil Rights/Ike/Soviets

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play music the 1950s are not as common contented at the politics in popular culture of the eras next after Decades of strained relations and open battle against racial segregation and discrimination begin search the whole series of suits that challenged the constitutionality and paying black teacher less than white teachers from a head Constable educational credentials and they were challenges to segregation of higher education for example Peter physical require they admit black students to the University of Texas law school Texas created an overnight law school become an all-black give me a course of study these black Dunes are not allowed to use the University's Law Library a situation that is eventually brought to the attention Supreme Court so consider yourself as a lawyer say for the University of Texas you have to go up before the US Supreme Court and you have to try to convince these people most of them went to Harvard and Yale and other important law school that this colored Texas law school with just as good as the regular University Texas lotto ticket the ultimate test of segregation many believe will be Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka who was the history of the station going back from Plessy versus Ferguson forward and is chipping away at segregation in the United States and then the n-double-acp decided when it collapsed all the Pacers into Brown and sleep aid that it would in fact makeup major stop on Fabrication in school Station Court decision sets the daily lives of many people but the court was saying no school system racially segregated schools and so that affected literally something like 10 million schoolchildren times turn the New Orleans to Florence new that if it were going to do it had to be an amputation and he's been a long time talk about the importance of this particular decision in order to get Frankfurter on board off the decision as to how ended segregation will be implemented until the next year in Brown versus Board 2 in which state made the decision that the limited quote with all deliberate speed helping you quite what that meant but it probably slow and that made pray further a little happier didn't want to be perceived as the northern Jewish liberal who enforced the end of segregation on South and it was very deliberate indeed essentially the Deep South States Mississippi Bama Georgia South Carolina are totally in touch me Nora Brown many people in the United States were incredibly in Court signs with go up here in there fighting Supreme Court of the United States and although it's not without some controversy I think fairly interpreted the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States says that no state may discriminate May segregate Public Schools or is Park Service Golf Course Resorts bussing there anything else on the basis of race Supreme Court finally said it's time you know it's time for us to do this and what we know is she change behavior and attitude Earl Warren Chief Justice of the Supreme Court right after he handed down brown people took a vacation decided visit Civil War battle and his chauffeur driving to nearest Battlefield toward it and then he had reservations for the night George pick me up in the morning so he happen to wake up early when sleeping in the car why are you sleeping in the car and he said there isn't the motel that would take black people for fifty miles around here and Earl War give me an it never dawned on  took many years to implement integration with all deliberate speed marvelous and you and it's cream Court wanted to say the south is going to eat sometime we got to get them sometime and that became license for white resistance and in life play the Practical systems how much would penetrate and have quickly is less important than the overall political and psychological symbolism of the act that is finally living up to its ideals and the time is now it certainly here time in the eyes of the black community but not Southern whites what really causes massive the Action Sound is when that deliberate speed is horse into how much quicker speed Prince Edward County in Virginia close at school 5 year to avoid integrating room what are the key moments is the Little Rock controversy of 1957 when the schools of Little Rock Arkansas created and there's massive resistance in Little Rock and this is on American TV this is being broadcast to the rest of the world screaming turning out to try to children and four cents from coming eventually Federal to brought into the text the black community bolstered by the brown decision Begins the challenge the constraints of segregation and poses the Supreme what does the time in enforcement so it it was last two African Americans to force the issue and so you have the survey new Myspace political movement coming out of the Southern largely Urban Church teen Merchant cheap folks in the back of their other big year he's on the way perfect face if you will for this black campaign he was a minister  at a time when United States is engaged in the Cold War against atheistic communist turquoise Brilliance and he was able to articulate Black the man in the way Missouri Power report two important because of course the Supreme Court got involved and so he had a national stage but in terms of the foot soldiers most of the facilities in women went out to shop for example there were laws against black women trying on clothes and doors dressing rooms rule for flight 6 and take their children to eat Lower Lights to eat at a lunch counter because black people weren't allowed to sit at lunch counter the increasing numbers of Black begin engage in various forms of direct action Civil Disobedience has a way of oppressing their case immediately mobilizing many more African Americans in the struggle  in December of 1965 Rosa Parks a civil rights leader in Montgomery Alabama for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger to abide by them law that declares that black people have to sit in the back of the individual example of civil disobedience in Richmond knowingly break the law and here I am resting my community is outraged now then the Montgomery Bus Boycott because of this exact people who participated in that we're simply refusing to patronize the buses until they got rid of their secret a large-scale Simplicity usually begins in the winter 6061 with the lunch counter sit-in and that form of the protest break the law but make yourself readily available to pay the consequences had a lot of moral power why now why did the civil rights movement begin to emerge if its particular Moment In Time the Injustice of the challenges and the goals of promote a Harley I think the place to start understanding the Civil Rights Movement is World War II I think the Fight Against Racism of the nuts Fort raise the consciousness of millions of Americans about the evils of racism and waves I've known about them before telling whose begins with continue through Truman and Eisenhower I've always all Rising expectations where is it says after World War II the Bears no turning back no turning back to 5  spinny after me veterans come home  and I find that they are still second-rate Citizen and so the intellectual tension in this emotional tension comes I think it's translated into the Civil Rights Movement World War II quickly into the Cold War the United States really cuz every interest in in winning over the hearts and minds of the non-aligned Nations which for the most part of people to color in Africa and Asia and Latin American surnames that it becomes of preposterous and extraordinary that the United States would would report to lead a world with you free huge population would not otherwise have been concerned the struggle for civil rights became concerned because it was no longer simply about the rights of African-Americans in the United States it was about a g of political struggle the world control changing demographics within the United States itself also plays a role out migration of African-Americans other parts country to the major contributions how to the Civil Rights Movement Southerners leave to go to Northern cities they build up a clip of presents and Northern is which provides some political capital  I do recall vividly in 1953 visiting Louise Rihanna and it was a mix-up at the train is coming on so I wasn't met and I wandered into the black waiting room and people looked be very strangely and finally somebody said no in a no white boy over there and even though I bet about this I was so dumb I couldn't figure out what's going on here wait what do you mean I mean it was so busy again is business and industry games of greatest foothold in the South this disparity and racial attitudes become cause for concern  economic leader now having two clearly answer to Boards of directors who found segregation to be problematic for their bottom line and so one way the economy is breaking down the bonds that has the same Jim Crow  Tell me story in criticizing but not the more proactive on civil rights issues 57 Civil Rights Act  I should like to speak to you about the serious situation that has arisen in Little Rock play the first step to beginning to enfranchise more fully those who had not been participants in the American political process he's really strongly the rule of law that if you make the procedures work more effectively then you will get the social change that you don't start at the societal level you start constitutional love of my pics of that part of his great domestic Legacy  why did Eisenhower least experienced politician to serve in the house in the 20th century and one of the most popular is dominated by leaders from the business not that you would return America back to its private Enterprise which was good for General skipping country would end gear of the has begun in the new Zeal 20 years before of big government the government ever play  set home Eisenhower pursues a moderate domestic policy initiating very little new legislation and resisting conservative pressure to dismantle the New Deal welfare policy remains interesting lien off a Republican president Dwight Eisenhower as much commitment to constructing this Federal safety net as we like to call a pay as liberal Democratic president by John Kennedy Johnson I think what changes is that by the latter part of 1950 social program prominent feature of the landscape they are activities to which American citizens on the title if they have any words Ana Delia present emergency which hand tremendous effects on how people live their lives in education as well Eisenhower oversaw the largest expansion of federal identification Elementary and secondary education at least since the Lincoln the threat of nuclear war with the Soviet Union in the source of apprehension within the International Community but the potential Devastation of Muhammad War also causes the two superpowers to entryways directions when it came to have service big opportunity actively promote Liberation the 1963 East German Uprising America policy was much more cautious did you expect this hothead cool Warriors within the administration called for active exploitation of strike the demonstrations at Freddy's Germany and there were certain measures that the administration took most prominently a sizable program for inhabitants of is Berlin in Germany but if you compare that the statements by John Foster Dulles Secretary of State and some of the other Prudential advisors fairly innocuous measure I no Soviets really were up for world domination at story hadn't been in the 1950s I think deep down Russian didn't have what it took the police or The Sing-Off they will have to be content physically with the Empire which joins there man things change to me two weeks after Eisenhower became president and for the remainder the Eisenhower Administration for the next eight years there were a variety of efforts and what we would Now call daytime or real Sation attention with the Soviet Union try to pursue a policy of relaxing relations with the West Lucas  what's on the power struggle within the Kremlin and on consolidating the empire in the wake of this men's Play-Doh Eisenhower nepo Soviet leadership in Geneva in 1955 called the spirit of Geneva would be more open across the Iron Curtain  in another corner of the world negotiated that pan Moon Jong finally sign in the green ending the hostilities in Korea the Eisenhower Administration was very concerned about avoiding War what was I going to do if a frontal military confrontation with the Soviet Union or communist Powers was impossible Eisenhower thought that covert actions clandestine actions using the CIA would be a much better way I'm projecting American influence abroad under him the CIA overthrew the elected government of Iran in 93 because the United States believed that the Arabians were tilting towards the Soviet Union because the the premiere and wanted to National oilfield and so does the CIA arranged to overthrow the prime minister of Avon and install the shop before the Eisenhower Administration did the same thing in Guatemala overthrowing on nationalist radical government in Amala and replacing it with a conservative one aligned with the United States and so Eisenhower's idea was you don't have these large-scale military conflicts but you use the CIA and then also you send lot of money on nuclear weapons at the doctrine of massive retaliation is it there's always sick of global Armageddon and if this will prevent any sort of large-scale war and so it is part of his attempt global domination on the cheap in Vietnam by the end of the Truman Administration 1952 the French weary of turning more and more to walk over to the Vietnamese and by the time I can how I became president the United States for things anyway percent of the cost of the French want it still did not turn the tide if anything the Batman and the upper hand and two horses surrounded the French French realize it could not maintain your Global commitment and window meaning of April 1954 French saying their position is absolutely desperate in Vietnam ask the United States for military systems lower Vietnam in advisers and it was clearly part of our inside communist who won the Talladega Flacco's Americans there they were very limited in their actions in the scope of their activities but what Eisenhower did say was he at very important Vietnam as he fell it will start a row of dominoes falling across Southeast Asia  are there air have the world are also plagued by Cold War crisis problems in between the People's Republic of China Taiwan Eisenhower again top a non-military Solutions of the Hungarian Revolution Eisenhower said no we cannot get involved in the Hungarian Revolution power  sometimes these efforts put the United States have on the display what is the case in an attack on teacher Israel attacked Egypt across the Sinai Peninsula and France and Britain dropped China troops into the Suez Canal they said it would protect the canal but it's really been coordinated and I between the three countries what made it so looking for the United States was that their closest allies Britain and France didn't tell them anything about it and it made the West look though very bad in the eyes of the Arab world and the world General what's the time next to revolts in hungry United States was trying so hard to portray the Soviet Union as an aggressor and came this invasion of Shabazz and the United States found its own allies conducting aggression so the United States very firmly against all three Britain France and Israel  what maintains the intensity of the Cold War during the decade of the 50 the mix of nuclear weapons on both sides it's a function of ideological confrontation the function of the lead time Eisenhower and his advisers supposed to Stalin leadership out of which keep their Khrushchev quickly evolved into key figure passionate about catching up with the Westin fervently believed in the eye illogical sorority of the you have the Soviet system because of the military development he called for peaceful coexistence between East and West in 96 6 what is still a competition in our in his last years in office became very concerned about dangers of pudendal nuclear war about rollback who ended his administration with a warning in his last speech to the nation January 1961 Eisenhower politics in American society have been distorted by this what he called military industrial complex economic evil spirit everything else every office in the federal government this combination endanger our liberties or Democratic caucus Lee credit rainbows will come together in a piece guaranteed by The Binding force of mutual respect and love the unfinished is it 52 part American history series for more information about this program and a company materials call +1-800-576-2988 or visit us online www.intellicast.com Facebook

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