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The Jeffersonian Era

Added Oct 06, 2012 •

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Thomas Jefferson and his Republican followers have an almost identical the America they like to promote families living on farms and in small villages working to help their neighbors and their community interference and certainly for you to be industrial squala that is so, New York the Constitution was in effect revised or amended by the Ascension of Jefferson in the election of 1800 Jefferson set the nation off on an entirely new course was a republic with a small weak central power just enough to keep things kind of going and the true rulers would be the citizens and understood female and white and property owners  going to keep everything together well very was hurt you depending on the citizens of the public good above private interest so that churches and Tom meetings and other kinds of social institutions work pretty effectively to create a civil so he never use the term that is surely what's on this Jefferson was was talking about when he imagined small agricultural communities as the way to go in that's again why he said that government is best that governs least it's because he thought small groups of people could govern themselves so they had community in community cars of Civil Society in American history that is what happens to community when you begin to industrialize and urban. set the 19th century becomes that you are very interesting and difficult picture of the transformation of Civil Society Republicans call for a nationwide system of public school building communities with school what elementary school and having children go to school and having it be a responsibility of the state for Jefferson a good citizen is an educated for the Sun  there are few women good morning family and alternative families involved in the Revolutionary movement who are thinking well if we're going to be thinking about a Republican government or you be thinking about citizenship than in and some notion of equality perhaps we should be thinking about women to the very unpopular idea it doesn't go far but the fact that some women who are meeting history and reading politics and talking about politics with the men in their family tradition already turn of the nineteenth Century only about half of the country happy Fourth of July sermon given around 1800 so which is every man in America can dream of growing up to come president of the United every young woman in America grow up to dream of becoming the mother of the president of the United States now that might sound discriminatory and in the long view it was excluding women from the rights of citizenship the Florida citizenship but it was a witch and keep places at witches education by the 1790s only a small portion of white Americans belong to a traditional Church the new theologies that are emerging reflect the modern scientific the emphasize the role of God in the world but beginning in 1801 traditional religion stages a dramatic comeback what Awakenings starts in Kentucky and Tennessee with a a series of of quite spectacular Bushnell Frontier Revival the fellow who is to the Second Great Awakening with George Whitfield was to the first is there a former lawyer transfer trainmaster by the name of Charles Finney it is Finney who is the great impresario of revivalism and he even writes a book on the subject about how quite specifically you going to a town do you work 4C to conduct your Revival so Phineas A fascinating character on a rationalist and persistent Ascent who really believes that you can do certain things quite scientifically to create an app playing of religious enthusiasm there are a whole Bevy of organizations that come out of the first half of the nineteenth Century for Distributing Bibles Distributing track organizations that get together and collect money for missionaries on both home and abroad and then of course campus organizations organizations to redeem prostitutes anti-slavery organization and so the distinctive feature of a popular religious expression on the Second Great Awakening the people move from revivals these various forms of social activism which are quite deliberately engineered by the student clergymen thought them up both to do good and to prolong the intensity of popular religious commitment despite their intentions almost nothing works out is Jefferson and his followers playing Power the young Republic develop can somebody most striking escapable aspect of American society in the early decades is the extraordinary and the I know that you can AMA Clips Grove City the increasing sophistication diversification the tremendous unleashing of productive power stop in those decades is is remarkable I think maybe that would be the big storage the dynamism of society generally migrate to the west but also migration from the countryside to cities Allied Tomb of the series of changes you can on a growth obviously you cannot opportunity so men and women words up and go to the cities and lots of Cindy Westbrook New York in Boston they would go to Rochester and booms in this. But the opening of the Erie the cities of the early 1800s I would even historians refer to as compact you don't need to tell the difference where the city limits is proof of the obvious One Moment trailer farm and the next moment you're in this tight little built-up environment and to the extent that you could generalize about where would be the places to live you might go to work but she would either work upstairs or somewhere else maybe go a couple off but you wouldn't go very far household engages in some form of cottage industry or other there is a kind of voice that women develop out of this capacity to earn their own spin to be responsible for their own well-being during these years the nation is also taking steps toward industrialization doesn't industrialize until after the Civil War in any significant way where's the north industrialize is very rapidly beginning you could say beginning in the early 19th century but certainly by the 1810 to 1920s help with the beginning of cotton Mills the invention of the which transforms the agricultural economy of the South impacts the north as well a large supply of domestically-produced fiber is a stimulus Yankee Ingenuity things that we all to know about industrialization is almost every industrial country begins with text factories and the labor in the textile factories is most often women and children at the beginning of the process so y turn them instead of working in their own homes move to migrate to whatever the nearest small town O'Neal town is men's and women's line change with industrialization but it's women's lives that changed most dramatically and especially for the suit of poor and middling sort of and who expect the has to earn her own living or keep herself at least until she's married when both of his status and we can circumstances change there are unexpected developments on the international scene as well as Napoleon Bonaparte begins secret negotiations with Spain game title to Louisiana at first Jefferson is unaware of Napoleon's Imperial ambition when rumors begin to surface he's Justified be alarmed the major concern for Jefferson and other Republicans in fact for all Americans was that turn on European power at the mouth of the Mississippi could have a devastating effect on the future of the country as long as we were leans was Spanish it wasn't the threat and when Napoleon threatens to establish through his Western design for which would include the Mississippi Valley is going over Bread Basket for his French possessions in the West Indies and controls Commerce through the Mississippi Americans knew each other well enough know that their cousins on the west of the Appalachians would come to terms with the French and would secede from the United States American ambassador to France to negotiate for the purchase of New Orleans as a back-up plan he persuades Congress to appropriate funds to expand the Army and can a river in France is afraid that it's about to lose Louisiana the whole territory stretching up to the borders of the Oregon Country to Great Britain as soon as War send a polian basically through Tower and makes a deal with the with the American ambassador and that's well will tell you more lines but the catch is that you have did take all of the Louisiana territory which you think would not be not much of a catch they grab that it but there's a great deal down here not the Jefferson is afraid of getting with because he wants the lamp repeated cultural expansion but he doesn't think the president has the authority to acquire a large tract of land from a foreign country without permission stop it suggests to the French that perhaps they might want to wait while he gets permission from Congress might even need a constitutional amendment that can affect forget it pain you to take it now or you lose it they take it down United States buy the Louisiana Territory and the last part of it is they don't know exactly say but because the boundaries of this are not very clear and the price tag for this vast expanse of territory 80 million Francs volume dumps in US currency virtually all parts of the country were enthusiastic great exception would be Federalists in New England two  we're concerned about the addition of a vast new territory and the fear in New England was not only that they were power because they were being outnumbered but then a nation or a union of agricultural states with their own peculiar interest would be at odds with the commercial interests of New England would be perhaps hostile to that strong anglo-american connection that they had Coulter this is an important thing to keep in mind because it's a courtesan geopolitical motive in expansion the new States sponsored by the person Administration quickly align themselves behind Jefferson you know what to do with Louisiana Purchase and he'd already before the purchase was completed to begun plans to send Lewis and Clark into the region to get the lay of the land when was the Lewis and William Clark begin their Journey to the Northwest in the spring of 1804 with just a few dozen men horses and Supply they know that in order to survive in order for the United States to establish itself in fine for Indian train in various places India's may become quite well practiced in the art of that kind of Intercultural negotiation for Lewis and Clark's besides training they were giving away thing presents to people they defining of Sacagawea was just incredible for the success of the journey having a woman with them indicated two other Indian tribes with this was not a war party but most important hitting the Rocky Mountains and then needing purses and then finding the shoshones and the chief Camille wait Sacagawea's brother was just incredible without that where is it could of got across that Lemhi pass them moved into the Bitterroot Valley that save the Expedition Lewis and Clark and other early explorers were not necessary you primarily looking for future homesteads for American farmers there was plenty of land east of the Mississippi for that in fact Jefferson had two different ideas that they're curious and retrospect one is at the whole region could be preserved for the Indians as after all Jefferson and what his spear Jackson had between them and effects initiated and completed the policy of Indian Removal to the trans Shipley region that one plan another that seems even more bizarre is that perhaps it could be a repository for free people that is a man did slaves in the important point is Jefferson didn't contemplate first this infinite expansion or replication of Republican governments across the continent as governor of the Indian Territory William Henry Harrison has been playing One Tribe against another 4 years 3DS the game Indian land and internet Jeffersons policy of assimilate 400 west of the Mississippi Native American resistance begins to solidify  tecumseh's brother had a revelation and said that he died did the people were preparing him for burial and then he came back to life he's kind of death and rebirth among American Indians is very common story click and at the people should unify and not allow the United States to move any closer and that Indian people have fought each other started fine and even to comsa grew to appreciate his brother's a teaching and so to come so when around including into the South trying to unify the tribes meanwhile the Napoleonic Wars begin to interfere with Americans expanding shipping industry chemicals lose lose situation how to negotiate Troubled Waters in The Holy Wars important to keep in mind that the jeffersonians as much as the Federalists were determined to maintain and so the Dilemma for Jefferson is that belligerent talk and the effort of indicate neutral rights went for him hand and hand failure to prepare in the interim what Jefferson sought to do was to impose an embargo and that put the customer service in a very difficult position chance of course they saw themselves as developing an articulating what this commercial Republic was and how it ought to develop further and prosper yet here was Thomas Jefferson saying we had to put essentially restrictions on that by imposing an embargo the Embargo triggers a serious economic depression are the merchants and ship owners of the Northeast most of the Federalists one of the great tragic set pieces of American political history it led Jefferson into wholesale invasions of civil rights and Liberties trying to keep Americans from Trading abroad logistically impossible and required the use of federal power in the court systems in a way that was effectively nullified throughout much of New England persons reverence or respect for local self-government was reinforced by New England's resistance to his embargo but of course the ultimate disaster was the that war came none the less and it was called mr. Madison's war but it was really mr. Jefferson's for the election of James mad is president in 1808 continues the procession of Republican presidents from Virginia although the Federalists capturing increased number of votes in his days in Office Jefferson signs a bill to lift the Embargo Jefferson large generalities and principles that he didn't question Madison went over those in detail and he had a quizzical mind and he kept chopping up these questions into small pieces time to figure out the intricacy of them in when the Jefferson and no other person that I'm really did he was the foremost intellect of that era however unlike Jefferson he was not a good administrator he was not a very good politician the politician in the Madison family is the president's wife. she had a warm accessible personality she was very Charming she was very social and her husband James Madison was almost the opposite he was shy often people wouldn't even notice him and his own parties I think it's a clue that there are very similar and height but everybody describes Dolly Madison should have larger-than-life figure and James Madison is this instead of tiny wizened little Schoolmaster who look like he just whipped one of his school boy he sings the embody the silver virtuous Republican but Dolly Madison does all the political stuff that the country needs  Hindi self-rising encouraged and supported by British agents in Canada and the cutoff of trade with Europe push the nation in conflict how much is divided over whether or not to declare war on Great Britain and in fact it was this issue that result in the Congressional overturn of 1810 which replace some huge proportion of the members of Congress and there was a new group in town who are hawks Night by John C Calhoun and Henry Clay and they wanted War James Madison for the most part did not want war but it became clear some people including to Dolley Madison that he would never win the presidential election of 1812 unless he did play turn out non-intercourse act did have a long-term effect on the British in the British were getting ready to deal they withdrew their orders account just before the Americans declared war in the summer of 1812 American forces invade Canada through Detroit but they are forced to retreat and surrender the fort for Dearborn in Chicago is also captured Harrison leads the counter-attack in the west Andrew Jackson pursued Southwest in the end at the Battle of the Thames to comes to loses he fights to the end in his killed he still serves as a as a symbol to many Native people to to resist to remember that this is a Native America and that that Indian people must stand against the Injustice as as as they see and justices in the aftermath of the war then that the score of the worst at unification to try to military means of standing against the United States and none of this had worked and so they you do to find a new way of survival a new way of fighting the United States the victories over the tribes however are not enough to win war in August of 1814 the British March on Washington City and they burn the White House Down In addition to other government buildings I may do this for various reasons they think according to their foreign intelligence that the Americans aren't their United there's a lot of fighting between these Hardee's Federalist and Republican and it's such a small capital and so weak and not really developed they think if they just come in and burn it that a whole Republican experiment will fall apart and they were almost right the what the heck counted on was the first thing tomorrow the American citizenry to this point having to support of the War of 1812 we're galvanized into action and though the war would only last a few more very hard for their new country because they were insulted by what happened despite the symbolic slap in the face with the burning of Washington the British had no interest in reestablishing an empire in the United States it was a sideshow for the British were intent on destroying the pulling in in Europe and one of the things that's hard for us to understand now is how I marry could have interpreted their survival as a great Victory they did so because again the standard was that a people's government a republic destroy the greatest power on Earth it had not lost the Hartford Convention and as you know there were some new englanders who conspired basically secede from the union when the Hartford can with on the way to Washington and heard about Andrew Jackson see no decisive battle even though the war was over that movement completely fell apart Susie Astic supports the war knew what an ear thing it had been how close the Americans had come to losing the war or having to negotiate how much less favorable peace that may be able to negotiate because they see that the survival of Jefferson's Union Union of free Republican states is impossible in a dangerous world without some institutions of federal Authority that can effectively manage of war effort Industrial most eloquent commentary on Americans near disastrous loss of that wore that the victors would say to consolidate this victory turn a half to prepare better for the next war and every American leader of this generation knew there would be another War the irony is the didn't know that that would be score The Unfinished Nation 52 part American history series for more information about this program and a company materials call +1-800-576-2988 or visit us online at w will UW intellicom. Org

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